Auto Attach

Auto Attach is designed to join the correct quantity of the correct pools with a consumer in order to fully provide as many products as possible.

This document is intended to provide details on the Auto Attach algorithm. The first section is a set of diagrams each intended to explain in greater detail the Auto Attach algorithm. The second section provides a more intricate textual description of the process.

Diagrams

Overview of the Auto Attach algorithm (Diagram 1)

How Auto Attach determines what to attach (Diagram 2)

Footnotes for Diagram 2

[1] [2] [3] [4]

Select Best Pools diagram (Diagram 3)

How SLA affects Auto Attach (Diagrams 4 & 5)

The following diagrams show how SLA affected the auto attach algorithm up to candlepin version 2.4 and how that changed from 3.1 onwards. From Candlepin 3.1 onwards, SLAs are only used to prioritize pools.

The Algorithm

Below is a more detailed and technical description of the Auto Attach process. If you are looking for details on why Auto Attach chose a particular set of pools, start with the diagrams

Validate Pools

The rules.js is passed a context, which contains important data such as the consumer, service level, pools available, products to cover, and a compliance status at the time healing will take place

We can safely remove all pools from this list that:

  • require an architecture that does not match the consumer, as that will never make a product fully compliant.
  • are virtual if the consumer is not a guest.
  • have 0 quantity (or quantity < instance_multiplier if the system is physical.)
  • are not valid (date) at the time of the check.

During validation, pools that do not allow multi-entitlement (stacking of a single entitlement) have their available quantity set to 1, so that they can be considered the same way as multi-entitlement pools.

Get Attached Entitlements

Next we must get the list of attached entitlements, which are used to complete partial stacks, or let us know if a stack cannot be completed. These entitlements are added to the list of entitlements whenever a compliance check is run.

Get Installed Products

The list of installed products, comes directly from the context, but we filter out products that are already found in the compliance status “compliantProducts”. The consumer’s specified role and addons are also filtered based on if they are already satisfied by any of the already attached entitlements in the compliance status.

Build Entitlement Groups

Entitlement group objects provide a way to treat stacks and single entitlements interchangeably. They consume pools and provide products. Pools are put into entitlement groups by stacking_id, whereas single entitlements are 1:1 with entitlement groups.

Validate Entitlement Groups

Once we have built all of the entitlement groups, we must validate them to make sure it is possible to make them cover our system. If a group is invalid, it is discarded, because it cannot be useful for the system.

If the entitlement group is not a stack, we can check overall validity based on whether the single pool (max available quantity) is compliant.

Otherwise, in the stacked case, it is a little bit more difficult. In some situations, a partial stack can be made compliant by removing entitlements. For example, if I have a stack of 4 socket entitlements, and add one entitlement that covers 1GB of ram, my entire stack will be partial. We first need to check if the stack, with already-attached subscriptions, is compliant. If it is, we can say the group is valid. However if it is not compliant, we must remove all pools that enforce stackable attributes that have caused problems (taken from compliance reason keys) After removing those pools, we run a final compliance check, the result of which is the groups validity.

Remove extra attributes

For each entitlement group, attempt to remove all pools that enforce each combination of attributes. Use the group of pools that has the most virt_only pools if the consumer is a guest, otherwise the set with the fewest pools. This prevents us from attaching “parallel” stacks, where we essentially have a compliant sockets stack, and a compliant cores stack.

Prune Pools

Remove all pools from the group that are not required to make the stack/product fully compliant. This can be skipped for non-stack groups, because they only have 1 pool, and at this point we know the group is required to cover a product (or role or addon). We sort the pools based on priority, which is calculated based on a multitude of attributes, syspurpose and non-syspurpose (see the section Pool Priority Algorithm for details), so those are preserved as long as possible. Try removing one pool at a time, and check compliance with everything else (that has not been removed) at max quantity. If the stack is compliant and covers all the same products, roles and addons, disregard the removed pool, otherwise add it back.

Select Best Entitlement Groups

Firstly, we try to complete partial stacks, if possible. If there is a stack group with the same stack_id, it is possible (because it passed validation).

This uses a greedy approach, rather than enumeration. While a valid group exists that covers a non-covered product (or role, or addon), add the group that covers the most products to “best groups”

Ties are broken by (in this order):

  1. number of host specific pools (more wins)
  2. average pool priority (higher wins)
  3. number of virt_only pools (more wins)
  4. required pool quantity (less wins)
  5. prefer unstackable entitlements

This ensures that we are covering every product, role and addon that is possible to cover, with no excessive groups (you cannot remove any stack or unstackable entitlement and remain compliant).

Select Pool Quantity

This is very similar to prune pools, except we know that every pool is necessary, and we want the minimum quantity per pool. loop over pools again, adjusting quantity to consume, starting at the minimum increment, up to max available, until the stack is compliant. return a map of pool id to pool quantity for candlepin to interpret.

Accommodating Guests

When a guest attempts to Auto Attach, the host will first attempt to Auto Attach, with some significant changes:

  1. The host will be handed the guests list of installed products, and attempt to Auto Attach with these
    • Products are removed from this list if they’re already provided by other virt-only pools
  2. The host will be restricted to using subscriptions that will create bonus pools
    • Right now this means only pools with the virt_limit attribute with a value not equal to “0”

TODO: Do we need to consider quantity here? If there is already a virt_only pool, but it’s fully used, it would be nice to add more. However whatever we add must not be stacked with what’s already there, otherwise we won’t actually be adding any new guest entitlements. (due to one sub-pool per stack) First draft, it is probably best to ignore quantity / usage, if there’s a virt_only pool, we’ve done what we can. If it’s fully consumed, this code will not help the guest out.

Caveats:

  1. The quantity the guest will need is not considered, we only attempt to get a pool available. Usually the guest just needs one. But with issues like one sub-pool per stack, trying to add more entitlements becomes noticeably more difficult.

Pool Priority Algorithm

This is not a step that is called as a sequence of the previous algorithm steps, but it is rather called during 2 of the previous steps that were mentioned: the Prune Pools step and the Select Best Entitlement Groups.

It is calculating the priority score for a single pool (a stack of pools is scored by the average priority of all its pools). Each pool/product attribute is generating a numerical score (which might be positive, negative, or 0). Each attribute has a weight assigned, that is supposed to be larger than the sum of all less-important attributes combined (e.g. service_type: 350 > requires_host+virt_only+sockets+ram+cores+vcpu: 330).

Attributes are of three types:

  1. Syspurpose attributes (roles, addons, SLA, usage, service_type), whose scores are calculated dynamically with a given weight for each one, that represents its importance, based on 3 rules (outlined in the syspurpose part of the ‘Scoring’ section below). IMPORTANT: In addition to the 5 syspurpose attributes, the list of syspurpose attributes in this algorithm also includes the ‘products’ as the strongest attribute, in order to avoid situations where a pool that is considered only because they provide a role has the same score with a pool that provides that role plus a product.
  2. virt_only and requires_host, which are given static, positive scores.
  3. Compliance attributes (sockets, ram, cores, vcpu) which are calculated dynamically, with positive scores, but with a different algorithm than that of syspurpose attributes.

Scoring

  1. Syspurpose dynamic score calculation:
    • Weights:
      products: 11200 roles: 5600 addons: 2800 support_level: 1400 usage: 700 service_type: 350
    • Rules:
      Match rule: If a customer has an unsatisfied property of a given value and the pool property provides that same value, score a match for the pool:
      [+1 * attribute_weight]
      Null rule: If a customer’s unsatisfied property is null, and a pool’s property is also null, score a match for the pool. I.e. “None” matches “None”:
      [+0.005 * attribute_weight] Mismatch rule: If a customer has a specified property of a given value and the pool has that property defined with another value or values, consider that a mismatch and score a negative value as a penalty:
      [-0.025 * attribute_weight]
    • The starting score is 1105 (large enough to make sure that if all the highest syspurpose mismatch rules get applied, the total score will not go below zero: 11200 * -0.05 +…+ 350 * -0.05 = -560 -280 -140 -70 -35 -17.5 = -1102.5).
  2. Static scores for virt_only and requires_host:
    • [+100] if the pool is virt_only
    • [+150] if the pool is host-specific (requires_host is non-null)
  3. Dynamic scoring for Compliance attributes (sockets, cores, ram, or vcpu):
    • [+0 to +20] for each based on closeness to consumer’s need, with 20 being the default in case the pool does not specify the attribute at all.

Example

Here is an example calculation of a pool’s score, based on the attributes set on a consumer and the pool:

  1. The consumer:
    • has installed product ‘product1’
    • has specified role ‘my_role’
    • has not specified any addons
    • has not specified an SLA
    • has specified usage ‘my_usage’
    • has not specified service type
    • is not a guest
  2. The pool:
    • covers ‘product1’
    • has role ‘my_role’
    • does not specify any addons
    • does not specify an SLA
    • has usage ‘different_usage’
    • does not specify service type
    • does not have virt_only set to true
    • does not have requires_host set
    • does not have ram set
    • does not have sockets set
    • does not have cores set
    • does not have vcpu set
  3. The calculation will be as follows:
    Initial default: +1105 PRODUCTS: +11200 (MATCH RULE: 1 * 11200) ROLES: +5600 (MATCH RULE: 1 * 5600) ADDONS: +14 (NULL RULE: 0.005 * 2800) SLA: +7 (NULL RULE: 0.005 * 1400) USAGE: -17.5 (MISMATCH RULE: -0.025 * 700) SERVICE_TYPE: 1.75 (NULL RULE: 0.005 * 350) VIRT_ONLY: +0
    REQUIRES_HOST: +0
    SOCKETS: +20
    CORES: +20
    RAM: +20
    VCPU: +20
    ————————————–
    Final Score: 17990.25

Footnotes

Diagram 2 Footnotes

[1]

The host to be auto-attached in a specific way such that the guest can use the resulting derived pools.
This is done by accumulating pools to use based on the guest’s installed products.
The possible pools for the host to attach will be determined as follows:

  1. Start with the set of all pools available for the current owner.
  2. Take only those that were provided with the request (if none, take all).
  3. Remove those pools for which the host has a current entitlement.
  4. Remove pools that already have a partial stack.
  5. Remove pools that only provide products for which there is a virt_only pool (available to the guest).
  6. Filter out pools using the regular preEntitlement rules (see [2]) for the host.
  7. If a pool has derived products then the available pools for the host will be filtered based on those and their match to the guest’s products.
  8. The host auto-attach will be executed based on the normal rules but over the set of pools determined above.

Back to Diagram 2

[2]

Pool filtering is done in the JavaScript rules based on parameters of the consumer and pool. Each is applied if and only if the parameter exists on the pool or the pool product.

virt_only: remove if not a guest consumer.
physical_only: remove if a guest consumer.
unmapped_guest_only: remove if not a guest or if guest has a known host.
requires_host: remove if consumer is not a guest or if it does not have the specific host.
requires_consumer: remove if not the specific consumer.
requires_consumer_type: remove if not the specific consumer type.
vcpu: remove if consumer vcpu count exceeds the product’s count [unless stackable].
architecture: remove if the consumer’s arch is not in the product’s arch list.
sockets: remove if consumer socket count exceeds the product’s count [unless stackable].
cores: remove if consumer core count exceeds the product’s count [unless stackable].
ram: remove if consumer ram count exceeds the product’s count [unless stackable].
storage_band: remove if consumer band storage count exceeds the product’s count [unless stackable].
instance_multiplier: remove if quantity requested does not divide evenly by the pools instance multiplier.

Back to Diagram 2

[3]

The following consumer to pool compatibilities are checked:

  1. Is the consumer arch in the pool product arch list?
  2. Is the consumer guest status compatible with the pool virt_only/physical_only?

Back to Diagram 2

[4]
  1. Check the coverage of the stack.
    • meaning do all product attributes summed up across all pools in the group completely cover those same attributes as required by the consumer
  2. If not covered: Remove all pools in the entitlement group which have at least one conflicting attribute (e.g. ARCH, attributes with a reason given).
  3. Remove entitlement group from consideration if still the stack coverage is invalid.
  4. If covered: Keep the entitlement group (for now).
  5. Remove the entitlement group if there are no provided products, role or addons by this group that are required by the consumer.
  6. Find the stack containing the least pools/enforcing the least attributes that is still “covered” (pick combo of pools with least attributes by the average priority of each sub group).
  7. Choose each stack_id in the consumer compliance that is listed in “partialStacks”, remove the overlap of products from the shared list of installed products.

Back to Diagram 2

Last modified on 25 November 2024